Pruning apple trees in winter, particularly in Devon’s mild climate, is a key practice for maintaining healthy growth and maximizing fruit production. Winter pruning typically takes place from late November to early March, when the tree is dormant. This timing helps reduce the risk of disease and ensures that cuts heal before the growing season begins.
In Devon, where the climate tends to be wetter and milder, careful pruning can prevent fungal infections and waterlogging, which are more likely in areas with higher rainfall. Start by removing any dead, diseased, or damaged branches, as these can become entry points for pests and pathogens. Also, look for crossing or inward-growing branches that can cause congestion, limiting airflow and sunlight penetration. Remember when pruning trees to occasionally stand back to see the wider picture and perspective.
For apple trees, focus on maintaining a strong central leader (the main trunk) with well-spaced lateral branches. Avoid cutting too much of the tree’s canopy, as apple trees fruit best on spurs, which form on older wood. However, some light thinning is important to encourage better air circulation and light penetration to the inner branches.
Devon’s relatively frost-free winters mean that heavy pruning is less risky than in colder areas. Avoid pruning during periods of severe cold or when frost is expected, as the cuts could be more vulnerable to damage. After pruning, leave the wounds open to heal naturally, it has been proven that wound sealing paints don’t work as well as natural healing.
When pruning any trees it is important to use clean and sharp saws and secateurs. If the tree may be infected, then it is essential to disinfect all equipment before moving to another specimen. Personally, I have used Niwaki secateurs and saws for the last ten years. They are a pleasure to use and the blades stay sharp for an extended period. Using Niwaki secateurs has also alleviated strain in my wrist tendons.
Regular winter pruning will help ensure that the apple tree thrives and produces a bountiful crop come harvest time.